01. Polydioxanone (PPDO) 

Polydioxanone (PPDO) is a synthetic, polyether-ester-based bioresorbable material that is prepared via the ring-opening polymerization of p-dioxanone and is commonly used in absorbable medical devices. PPDO is a colorless solid exhibiting a melting temperature (Tm) of ~110℃, a glass transition temperature (Tg) between -10 and 0℃, and crystallinity of ~55%. PDO-based materials are typically more flexible and weaker than homopolymers of polyglycolide (PGA) and polylactide (PLA), exhibiting a tensile modulus in the MPa range rather than the GPa range. Additionally, PPDO-based materials are significantly more challenging to process than other bioresorbable materials due to PPDO’s light sensitivity and propensity to depolymerize during melt processes. Despite its challenges, polydioxanone offers an ideal material choice for absorbable implants requiring functional strength loss within four (4) to six (6) weeks and full mass loss within six (6) to nine (9) months depending on processing, physiological environment, and anatomical location.

02. Polyglycolide（PGA）

PGA, polyglycolic acid, is the simplest aliphatic polyester with a regular linear molecular structure and a high degree of crystallinity (45% to 55%). The high degree of crystallinity gives it a large tensile modulus and high strength - tensile strength of 110Mpa. It is the first synthetic semi-crystalline polymer studied for biomedical use. PGA is insoluble in organic solvents, with a glass transition temperature (Tg) between 35 and 40°C and a melting point (Tm) above 200°C. It can be processed by extrusion, injection molding and molding. Due to its good fiber-forming properties, PGA was first developed as an absorbable suture.

In 1969, the first synthetic degradable suture DEXON® approved by the US FDA was made of PGA. Because PGA has suitable degradability, excellent initial mechanical properties and biological activity, PGA non-woven fabrics have been widely studied as tissue regeneration scaffold materials. At the same time, it has the ability to help tissue regeneration and close the skin without sutures. PGA dura mater substitutes are also being studied, and PGA has also been developed as an internal fixation system.

PGA degrades through random cleavage of ester bonds in the chain segments (under normal biological conditions). In a normal biological environment, PGA experiences a decrease in mechanical properties within 1 to 2 months, and complete mass loss occurs within 6 to 12 months. In the body, PGA degrades into glycine, which can be directly excreted through urine or metabolized into carbon dioxide and water. In order to meet the needs of different medical scenarios, under the premise of biosafety, the degradation characteristics and physical properties are changed through modified copolymerization of PGA, resulting in materials such as PGLA, PLGA and PGA-TMC.

03.Poly(Glycol Lactide) and Poly(Lactide) (PGLA/PLGA)

In the field of medical materials, the degradation time and physical strength of PGLA (or PLGA) are important characteristics. Its suitable degradation time and tensile strength can ensure the best presentation of application performance. PGLA (or PLGA) has been successfully used in many biomedical fields, such as surgical sutures, drug carriers, implant materials, prosthetic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Because of its easy processing and controllable degradation rate, it is an ideal material for drug carriers. It is most commonly used to make microspheres, microcapsules, nanospheres or nanofibers, which can control the release of encapsulated proteins, vaccines, chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics, analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. It also has good cell adhesion and proliferation properties, making it an attractive tissue engineering material. Using 3D printing, compression molding, porogen leaching, electrospinning, gas foaming or microsphere sintering techniques, it can be made into scaffolds to assist in the regeneration of bone, cartilage, tendon, skin and nerve tissue.

PLGA is a random copolymer, amorphous polymer, widely used in surgical sutures, anti-adhesion membranes, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Compared with PLA, the degradation time of the polymer can be controlled according to the GA content, and the material is soft and elastic. Its degradation products are lactic acid and glycolic acid, which are also byproducts of the human metabolic pathway, reflecting good biocompatibility, so when it is used in medicine and biomaterials, the risk of toxicity is extremely low. Different monomer ratios can prepare different types of PLGA, for example: PLGA 75:25 means that the polymer is composed of 75% lactic acid and 25% glycolic acid. The degree of PLGA degradation varies with different monomer ratios, and the greater the glycolide ratio, the easier it is to degrade.

04.Poly(ε-caprolactone)（PCL）

In the medical field, polycaprolactone is used to prepare various medical devices and implants, such as artificial joints, absorbable sutures, and cartilage repair materials. Due to its low toxicity and good biocompatibility, PCL is compatible with human tissues and does not cause obvious inflammatory reactions or rejection reactions, so it is widely used in in vivo materials.

In addition, the degradation rate of polycaprolactone can be regulated by changing the molecular weight and structure, so that it can adapt to different application requirements. For example, by adjusting the molecular weight of PCL, its degradation rate can be controlled, thereby achieving long-term stability and durability of medical implants. In addition, the performance of polycaprolactone can be further improved by compounding with other materials and surface modification, such as improving its mechanical properties and biological activity to achieve better clinical effects.

In the field of tissue engineering, polycaprolactone is also widely used to prepare three-dimensional scaffolds, vascular substitutes and tissue engineering organs. Drugs, growth factors and cells can be loaded into PCL scaffolds through nanotechnology to promote tissue repair, regeneration and regeneration. In addition, polycaprolactone can provide appropriate physical and structural support, promote cell adhesion and growth, and provide a good matrix for the success of tissue engineering.

Polycaprolactone also has the effect of promoting skin regeneration. In the field of medical beauty, PCL is widely used in skin regeneration and repair. It can promote the regeneration and repair process of damaged skin by providing structural support and stimulating the formation of new substances. The results of the study showed that PCL can improve the elasticity and smoothness of the skin, reduce the formation of wrinkles and scars, and restore the skin to a young and healthy state.

Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) has excellent biocompatibility, memory, biodegradability, etc. It is widely used in various fields. Polycaprolactone is soft, easy to process, and has excellent performance. It can be used as a tissue engineering scaffold material. Polycaprolactone has strong crystallinity and slow degradation. Its degradation in the body is divided into two stages: the first stage is characterized by a continuous decrease in molecular weight, but no deformation and weight loss; the second stage refers to the molecular weight After a certain value is reduced, the material begins to lose weight and is gradually absorbed and excreted by the body.

05.Glycolide and trimethylene carbonate copolymer (PGA-TMC)

A molar ratio of 80% glycolide to 20% trimethylene carbonate produces tissue ligatures. Tissue ligation clips are used to close tubular tissues such as blood vessels or bile ducts. They are widely used in general surgery such as cholecystectomy, cystic duct and cystic artery appendectomy, mesenteric and omental vascular liver surgery, treatment of small intrahepatic blood vessels and bile ducts, gynecological and obstetric surgery such as hysterectomy, uterine artery oophorectomy, ovarian suspensory ligament, urological surgery such as nephrectomy, renal artery, renal vein and ureter surgery.

Glycolide and trimethylene carbonate copolymer (PGA-TMC) has been prepared into monofilament sutures and tissue ligation clips. A molar ratio of 64% glycolide to 36% trimethylene carbonate produces uncoated monofilament sutures that can be dyed undyed or with D&C Green #6 and retain 50% of their tensile strength at 4 weeks after implantation. These materials have greater flexibility than pure PGA and are absorbed in approximately 7 months.

06.Poly(L-lactide), Poly（L-lactic  acid）,  L-polylactide（PLLA）

PLLA/L-lactide is a product made of poly (L-lactide) with good biocompatibility. After degradation in the body, the product is excreted from the body through metabolism. It has no harm or side effects to the human body and is widely used in the medical field, such as disposable infusion equipment, non-disassembly surgical sutures; drug controlled release and sustained release packaging; tissue engineering scaffolds, cardiovascular stents, bone fixation and bone repair materials (such as absorbable screws, absorbable bone plates), injectable microcapsules, microspheres, implants and animal organ support elastomers, etc.

07.Poly(D-lactide), Poly（D-lactic   acid）,   D-polylactide（PDLA）

Dextrorotatory polylactic acid (also known as dextrorotatory polylactide) PDLA is a product made of poly D-lactide with good biocompatibility. It can be used in the medical field, such as disposable infusion equipment, non-disassembly surgical sutures; drug controlled release and sustained release packaging; tissue engineering scaffolds, bone fixation and bone repair materials, injectable microcapsules, microspheres, implants and animal organ support elastomers and other materials.

08.Polyglycolic acid-polycaprolactone copolymer | Polycaprolactone（PGCL）

Secondly, PGCL also has excellent mechanical properties and plasticity. It has high strength and wear resistance, and can withstand certain pressure and stretching in different medical environments. In addition, PGCL can change its shape and performance by adjusting the formula and process parameters, so that it can better adapt to different clinical needs. This provides more options for the medical field and helps to develop more efficient and safer medical devices.

In addition, PGCL also has good sustained release properties. Drug sustained release is the process of controlling the drug release rate over a certain period of time. PGCL can regulate the drug release rate by changing its structure and composition to achieve stable drug plasma concentration and long-term therapeutic effect.

Polyglycolic acid-polycaprolactone copolymer, referred to as PGCL, is a new type of medical material.

First of all, polyglycolic acid-polycaprolactone copolymer has good biocompatibility in medicine. Biocompatibility refers to the compatibility between materials and human tissues, including cell compatibility, tissue compatibility and systemic compatibility. PGCL has attracted much attention due to its low toxicity, non-sensitization and good tissue compatibility. It can be gradually degraded and metabolized by human tissues, reducing stimulation and damage to the human body, thereby reducing the risk of medical surgery.

Monomer

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Monofilament

Melt extruded filaments in a variety of diameters, typically from about 0.10mm up to 2mm. Monofilaments can be further oriented to increase tensile strength and modulus, or to enhance flexibility.

Multifilament

Melt extruded multifilaments from 2 to 88 ends and between 1.5 and 30 denier per filament. Multifilament fibers are oriented in-line and supplied on spools or cones for downstream processing.

Film

Melt extruded films range in width and thickness for a variety of applications. Typical thickness is between 0.05 and 0.5 mm and can be supplied on a roll with or without a backing material.

Tubing

Melt extruded profiles and round tubing are prepared in a variety of sizes and shapes for additional processing. Parts can be annealed to increase crystallinity and part stiffness.

PRODUCT CENTER

Absorbable Material

Manufacturing bioabsorbable medical devices is hard. Controlling moisture levels and material degradation through the production cycle requires specialized equipment and process controls to ensure quality of finished devices. Additionally, other bioabsorbable manufacturers only participate in a single step of the manufacturing process (i.e. polymer, extrusion, textile, etc.), creating a complicated multi-vendor supply chain. Fortune Medical is the only vertically integrated partner that is a single source of bioresorbable polymer through finished device or component.

Absorbable polymer

Bioresorbable polymers, also known as bioabsorbable polymers, are synthetic materials that can be utilized in implantable medical devices for treatment and degrade over time when the scaffold is no longer required. Standard and customized medical-grade resins are produced on site to meet unique and exacting customer requirements. Virgin resins and compounded forms (dyes, inorganic filler, blending, etc.) are produced for additional processing via extrusion, injection molding, or solvent processing.Fortune Medical offers a catalog of bioresorbable polymers that include linear polymers such as polydioxanone (PDO) and polyglycolide-co-lactide (PGLA). Contact Fortune Medical today for a free consultation for selecting the most appropriate polymer for your next generation bioresorbable medical device.